Portfolio

Hello Students,

Please note that the deadline for each of you to turn in the Portfolio is on Wednesday, Dec 8th, from 10 am till 4 pm. I will be in my office @ COAS 245 during the time period.

The Portfolio will include:

1. Project I - 2 times revision on the same copy

1st revision: highlight the changes you made after my 1st time giving comments).
2nd revision: (underline the new changes after my 2nd time giving comment).

2. Project II: Each of you need to print out 2 copies of Project II

1st copy: Your 1st complete Draft with my comments
2nd copy: Your revised Draft highlighting the changes you made when working on my comments

3. Cover Letter

Please put them all in a Folder, label the Folder:

Portfolio
Student's name:
Instructor's name:
Class
Date

Let me know if you have questions

TP

Cover Letter

Hello Students,

Good job on the presentations you all gave today and especially the excitement you showed on the discussion part during and after every presentation. That's such a good trait that I hope you will reinforce in your ENG 1302 class.

There's no time left for me to go through it in class, so please read Description of Project IV and write the Cover letter. Please focus on the questions (they will help you construct your paper). This will be an essay so I am not recommending you to use the Question-Answer format. Write it naturally. Make it flow smooth!!!

Please email me if you have questions!!!

Have a nice rest of the week

See you all again on Monday in the LAB 2. 146. Please come on time.

LAB classes

Hi Students,

From now till the end of the semester we will have the following LAB classes:

Nov 22 : LAB 2. 146

Nov 24: LAB 2. 120

Dec 1: LAB 2. 120

Dec 6: LAB 2. 146

I will be in the classroom today and walk with you all to the LAB. Those who read this before 2:35 can just go to LAB 2. 146 by yourself.

See you.

ATTENTION!!!!

Hi all,

Following are some important issues that I would ask for your attention and action:

1. We will have LAB classes again next week on Nov 15 (LAB 2. 164) and Nov 17 (LAB 2. 148). Please be on time and bring your works (Research Proposal, articles, etc...) to class to go on.

2. I would need you all to give me another hard copy of project I where you highlight the changes based on my comments so that I can focus on your revision. This requirement has been mentioned before, however; only a few of you highlighted the changes. I will collect the highlighted revision ones next Monday, Nov 15.

Let me know if you have any questions.

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Darryl Wolf

English

Trang Phann

10/27/10

Closing My Eyes as I Speak: An Argument for Ignoring Audience Author(s): Peter Elbow Source: College English, Vol. 49, No. 1 (Jan., 1987), pp. 50-69

Summary:

This article is about the benefits of ignoring the audience as you write, allowing you to create a train of thought which will let your ideas to flow freely. It also explains that this concept can prevent writers block which is an indeed predicament that I personally encounter from time to time. Also I’ve learned that when the writer envisions the audience they get intimidated from the pressure and thus making it difficult to get his or her point across; not only that but as clearly as possible. Also we could benefit from our audience, doing so will reveal that the writer would have put more consideration to be benefited and possibly have an out come on a mutual basis. Putting ease for the reader as they accumulate the writer’s viewpoint. Which is why I have somewhat of a mutual answer for my question.

Question:

Is it good to ignore the audience? Which do you prefer writer or reader base prose?

I would like to be able to free my mind when I begin to write. Personally I believe that this could go both ways. Thinking outside the “box” and developing a direction other than your own could indeed benefit you. Without limiting your train of thought you could somewhat ignore the audience so you won’t feel pressured and delayed in your writing. Doing so would eliminate the causatum of a writer’s block and allow for ideas to flow and as well expand into deeper segments. However with no guidelines the writer may go off topic and elaborate too much. It all depends how you see this strategies and entwine with your analysis. I prefer both writer and reader base prose because I can benefit with the two. I like how writer base prose focuses on the individual and it doesn’t matter if the readers may not understand the context. As well as, writer base prose is more of an adequate approach for themselves but lets the writer formulate with anything they feel serene. Their acquisitions way become all-out biased in a way but reader base focuses with the reader; by making sure they understand what the writer is trying to come across.

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Monica Torres

Eng. Comp

Trang Phann

10/23/10

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Closing My Eyes as I Speak: An Argument for Ignoring Audience Author(s): Peter Elbow Source: College English, Vol. 49, No. 1 (Jan., 1987), pp. 50-69

Summary: The article “Closing My Eyes as I Speak” talks about benefits on ignoring the audience and how writers can improve their essays or writing. Elbow says that ignoring the audience can prevent writers block. He also says that when it comes to an audience we tend to get intimidated and make it hard on ourselves to go get our point across. He also says that sometimes our audience can help us, when we do think about the audience we think a lot more and of better things to say. This article has a lot of different views on writing and what will help you the most. Piagetian says that we should start out by being private and as we grow up we will become more social and will be able to write and talk more efficiently, while Vygotskian says we should start out social and then when we become older it will be easier to voice ourselves. There are also different views about writer base prose and reader base prose. One claims that it is best to use one than the other and vice versa. Reader base prose focuses on the reader and helps the reader fully understand, while writer base prose does the opposite. It’s all about the writing and it allows the writer to write about anything, it is all clear to the writer.

Q: Is it good to ignore the audience? Which do you prefer writer or reader base prose?

Answer: I personally think it is best to ignore the audience because I tend to freak out in front of them. I get embarrassed and forget what I’m talking about and I get off track from what I’m talking about. If I were to ignore them I think I would do a lot better because I wouldn’t feel so pressured and awkward in front of them. I prefer both writer and reader base prose because I can benefit from both. I like that writer base prose focuses on me and it doesn’t matter if the readers understand it. Writer base prose lets the writer talk or writer about anything the feel comfortable writing about, the can add as much detail as they want and it all makes sense to them. On the other hand, reader base focuses on the reader by making sure the reader understand what it is the writer is talking about.

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Brie Fenton Yesenia Ontiveros

ENG 1301.28

Trang Phan

oct. 20, 2010


Closing My Eyes as I Speak: An Argument for Ignoring Audience

Elbow, Peter. "Closing My Eyes as I Speak: An Argument for Ignoring Audience." College English 49.1 (1987): 50-69. Print.

Awareness of the audience can often cause incomplete thoughts and unclear writing. Elbow argues that if we ignore the audience we will end up with better writing in the end. It starts out weak but leads to better revisions. There are two different types of audiences: enabling and inhibiting. Enabling audiences cause us to think of better and more coherent things as we write and our piece turns out structured. We come up with ideas we did not know we had and we feel smart. It is helpful to keep these audiences in mind from the start. Inhibiting audiences block our writing. We feel dumb and can’t find our words or thoughts. When they are no longer pressuring us, all our thoughts come rushing back.
If we are constantly aware of the audience, were only thinking about how they will criticize our writing, we are not focusing. During the first stages of writing, if we ignore the audience, our words will be more true and clear. Teaching students how to realize when audience awareness is getting in their way, will help avoid overload and stressing. We can manipulate our thoughts and end up with better, developed writing than we would have had in the first place. Ignoring the audiences leads to stronger, more expressive and descriptive writing.

Question
The author says: “when attention to audience causes an overload, start out by ignoring them while you attend to your thinking; after you work out your thinking, turn your attention to audience” (p.53). How could you know when it’s overloaded?
Response
Many people have arguments about ignoring the audience. This method doesn’t not mean that you as the speaker have to block out the audience. In the article it mentions that when you feel over load to just ignore the audience. I really don’t think the author meant this as in were we forget about them and make no eye contact to them. The word “overload” I interpretation is; when we as the speaker feel nervous, and tempts to forget the subject. But the author ( Peter Elbow) of “ Closing My Eyes as I Speak” is intentions were not to tell us to ignore our audience but to not pay as much attention. I as the writer I tend to get nervous when I speak in front of a audience, what I do is tend to ignore the audience by simply not looking at them in the eyes, and think about something else. I also try not to memorize a speech because I tend to forget it.

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Vanessa Magdaleno & Mario A. Garcia
Eng. 1301
Tran Phan
10/16/10

Closing My Eyes as I Speak

SUMMARY:

Closing My Eyes as I Speak: An Argument for Ignoring Audience, Peter Elbow, College English, Vol. 49, No. 1 (Jan., 1987), pp. 50-69, National Council of Teachers of English, http://www.jstor.org/stable/377789,


This article tells us that an audience can be perceived as a force field or barrier; one that invites us or one that confuses or inhibits us. These are only some of the types of audiences that can be perceived in order to make our writing better. We can choose to either ignore or choose an audience. When we choose an audience, in our mind that audience is a great example of the people that you can impress with what you know, because they have a limited knowledge compared to yours. When you ignore your audience, this leads to something that Lind Flower would, call Writer-based Prose writing, which will lead to weak writing altogether. Sometimes when you ignore the wrong type of audience you will worry about how they will critique your writing because” we [find] them intimidating” (51), and so we are very defensive with our writing in order to please that intimidating person and therefore try and not be criticized as much as we would if we we’re comfortable with our writing. There is also an audience that we completely ignore in order to not go off track the topic and be able to stay focused on the writing rather than the readers. Having an audience is a great way to help shape your writing in a creative way.


QUESTION:
Why would writer-based prose be considered better than reader based prose? What are the negative and positive points about both?


RESPONSE:
Sometimes we write for an audience. Sometimes we write for ourselves. Sometimes we write just to simply explore our ideas. Most times, as writers, we need to be able to let out our ideas without the inhibiting factor of someone looking over our shoulder and pinpointing all of our mistakes. Sometimes the ideas in our head might be considered dumb, and irrelevant to a topic, but we need the security of knowing that it’s okay to explore such ideas. This is writer based prose.
I catch myself thinking that writer based prose is better because to me, it means writing for myself. Writer based prose occurs more often than reader based prose. It occurs while we are planning an essay. It allows the opportunity to put our own thoughts, emotions, and experiences into a topic. Using writer based prose is like putting a part of you into a composition.
However, Linda Flower states that ineffective writers use writer based prose. She says that people who use writer based prose are not concerned about the reader and the points that are made do not relate to each other. Essays that are written through writer based prose are sometimes understood as a language “private” to the writer.
The preference on what is better between reader and writer based prose is somewhat dependent on the writer. Some writers prefer to use reader based prose because it keeps the audience in mind. It is important to keep the audiences’ attitude toward your topic in mind.
After analyzing articles that we have covered, I have come to the conclusion that writer based prose is just as effective as reader based prose. Both need to be occurring when composing. However, they need to be done in the right way so that you are keeping the reader in mind, as well as letting yourself shine through in a paper.

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Hiram Lopez
ENG1301.28
Trang Phan
10-18-10
Closing My Eyes as I Speak: An Argument for Ignoring Audience Summary
Peter Elbow. “Closing My Eyes as I Speak: An Argument for Ignoring Audience” College English, Vol. 49, No. 1(Jan., 1987), pp 50-69

In the article “Closing My Eyes as I Speak: An Argument for Ignoring Audience,” Peter Elbow focused on the fact that when we talk to a person or a group we struggle to find words because we are so overwhelmed by their presence and it makes it hard for us to get our point across, he argues that” writing without audience awareness is not meant to undermine the many good reasons for writing with audience awareness.” (50) For example we easily neglect the audience because we would write in solitude, and that students have a weak sense of writing communication because they have only written to teachers in a school setting. He also made a claim that writer-based prose was sometimes better than reader-based prose. He describes that when writers are aware of the audience, it may disrupt their thinking. So, he suggests for teachers to teach them in a desert island mode, in order for the teachers to help their students by helping to trust and believe in their writing.
Question:
Why is it good to block out the audience at times?
Response:
I think it is important to block out the audience at times because an audience can overwhelm someone so much that they can often forget what they are trying to say. It goes the same way when we write alone in our rooms; we often have to write in writer-based prose so we can get our ideas out the way we understand them. It’s not that we should never think of the audience. The question is when. “An audience is a field of force.”(51) It all comes down to what kind of audience we have. There are two types of audiences an inviting or enabling, and inhibiting. The inviting and enabling audience which is like talking to the perfect listener they make us feel smart and allow us to come up with ideas we didn’t know we had. While the inhibiting audience makes us feel dumb and make it hard for us to find words or thoughts. So, it all comes down to the audience we have at hand they contribute to the ways we write. It can be good to block them out at times to write better papers.

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Alyssa Vasquez

ENG 1301.28

Instructor: Trang Phan

10/20/10

Closing My Eyes as I Speak: An Argument for Ignoring Audience

Peter Elbow. “Closing My Eyes as I Speak: An Argument for Ignoring Audience”. College English, Vol. 41, No. 1 (Sep., 1979), pp. 19-37
Summary:
In the article “Closing My Eyes as I Speak”, Peter Elbow talks about the benefits of ignoring the audience. For some people an audience can sometimes help out the speaker but most of the time an audience can intimidate the speaker and block or disrupt their writing process. To prevent writer’s block, Elbow also claims ignoring the audience in these early stages of the writing process can ultimately result in better writing. Writing that is "writer-based" instead of "reader-based," according to Elbow, is more natural, authentic, and trustworthy. Elbow then discusses the role of audience awareness from two models of cognitive development: the Piagetian (individual psychology) and the Vygotskian (social psychology). Both models have explanations and remedies for writing that is "too thin." The Piagetian model claims that language begins as a private act and as we mature, we learn to become more social, to "decenter." The solution for such writing, says the Piagetians, is to "think more about the audience." The Vygotskian model, on the other hand, states that language begins as a social act and as we mature, we learn to better hear our own voices for ourselves.
Question: What does the author mean by “the effect of audience awareness is somewhere between the two extremes: the awareness disturbs or disrupts our writing and thinking without completely blocking it” (p.51-52)?
Response:
I agree with Elbow on all accounts. The awareness of an audience can be intimidating and block our thoughts during the writing process, thus making it difficult to create a great draft. Speaking up is sometimes really difficult if we think of people. The same goes in writing. It is sometimes hard to put our ideas in words, thinking what should be written first, what should be included, and what should not be included. Having rough draft can really help us get the best result. Pouring out all the ideas first and then put them in place. Audience is one of the things that keep us from speaking up our ideas. When I have a topic to write about, I usually try to relate to it and that makes me write in writer based prose, but when it’s like a research paper I try to write in reader based prose because I have to think of what my teacher is going to want to read and see in my paper. It’s very difficult to think and write when I have an audience to think about, it just blocks me but at the same time I’m trying to write in reader and writer based prose, because I believe it’s better to be equal because an audience will always be available.

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Lisa Marie Lopez
Rachel Reyna

Ms. Trang
English 1301
October 17, 2010

Closing My Eyes as I Speak: An Argument for Ignoring Audience Author(s): Peter Elbow Source: College English, Vol. 49, No. 1 (Jan., 1987), pp. 50-69 Published by: National Council of Teachers of English
Summary: “Closing My Eyes as I Speak” is an article that speaks of the things writers do that could either make their essays good or bad. John Ashberry states that, “Very often people don’t listen to you when you speak to them. It’s only when you talk to yourself that they prick up their ears.” The author goes on by explaining the quote and says that writers tend to speak to themselves leading the readers to stray from the subject, or what they are reading, meaning that there is not much of an interest found in the reader because the writer goes off brainstorming to where the writer is the only person who understands what is going on. The article later describes this way of writing as writers based prose, which is where the writer benefits for himself. He goes on talking about how reader and writers based prose could help benefit the writer. Writer based prose is basically a tool the writer uses to only hear his/her own voice and blocks out the audience. The author explains that writers based prose is “unclear” and a “complete mess”. Reader’s based prose is explained as a method that could also create unclear and unsaid words. In this process, the writer thinks too much of the audience, and it is hard for them to speak their mind. The article is mainly about cognitive learning.
Question: What method would you use when writing your essay? Would it be reader base prose, or writer base prose?
My opinion is that I would rather use writer base prose because, I believe if writer based prose is used, your essay will be unique and unlike any other. I tend to use writer base prose because I have the mentality where I don’t tend to follow or connect with the reader. Each of us as individuals can’t always connect with one another. We all are different in our own ways. Not all of us have the same stories to tell or the same opinions. I could base my essay on pickles and the reader might not connect with me because the reader hates pickles. Writers can’t always satisfy the readers. If no one used writers based prose, then there would be no individuality or any characteristics that would separate us from the rest of the world. Some readers might actually be able to understand what you have written because they have been there, or they have experienced what the writer has experienced before. The writer could write about some kind of romance novel and a child could read it and not interpret what he/she just read. Writer base prose could benefit writers in many ways, not only by showing how artistic they are, but by sharing their experiences to the world and maybe create a change.

Darryl Wolf
English 1301.28
Trang Phan
10/12/2010

Writer-Based Prose: A Cognitive Basis for Problems in Writing

Linda Flower."Writer-Based Prose: A Cognitive Basis for Problems in Writing". College Englis, Vol. 41, No. 1(Sep. 1979), pp. 19-37.

Summary: This article is on the discussion of Writer Based-Prose and Reader Based-Prose. The author explains and compares their differences and how it may affect both the reader and the writer. With writer based prose, the writer will write based on their own thoughts and what makes sense to them. With this perspective, the writer may have a set premonition of what their own felt sense; however the reader may not understand their conclusive point. For instance, the writer; whom is trying to get their point across, may be unable to be logical for the reader, whereas it could be obscure to mind of the writer. In reader based prose, the mind of the reader reflects the purpose of what the writer envisions so it may cause a conflict among to the reader because they he or she wouldn’t be able to interpret what the writer is trying to explain.

Question: What is Writer-Based Prose? How does it affect our writing?

Response:

As a student, I like to write while I keep an open door for ideas. I like to create a brainstorm and explore my mind hoping to create a well written and fluid essay. Evidently, I just go with the flow of creating an essay that is understandable to my likings. Since writer-based prose is somewhat of a natural thing to writers, we need must be able to acknowledge this concept and develop the necessary skills. Enabling the technique to shape our ideas into a well written context of words, and that will allow us to communicate with our ideas in self thought. Ineffective writers, as those who produce “writer-based prose” are those kind of writers who do not consider the reader while developing a brainstorm or writing “freely”. I believe this concept would better the writer has it would help him or help think outside the box and connect with the reader in a more aqueous or sophisticated way.

Monica Torres, Emily Perez
Eng. 1301.28
Instructor: Trang Phan
9/26/10

Writer-Based Prose: A Cognitive Basis for Problems in Writing
Summary:
Linda Flower. “Writer-Based Prose: A Cognitive Basis for Problems in Writing”. College English, Vol. 41, No. 1.(1979), pp. 19-37
The article goes in to brief details about the differences between Writer-based and Reader-based prose. When using writer-based prose the readers aren’t kept in mind because it mainly focuses on the writer, making the text difficult for the reader to understand. A writer using this method is only capable of getting their point across best explained by in their mind. These writers don’t seem to put much thought in the readers and automatically assume they understand what they’re trying to say. In the article they experimented on children as they attempted to tell a story with no verbal action. Their own body language made total sense to the child but the audience couldn’t put the pieces together. These are undeveloped ideas which occur when using writer-based prose. The functional system seems to be the mind manipulating the writers into creating some sort of meaning for every statement in their mind, causing the statement to make sense to them and not to others. When using sematic, episodic, and short term memory it benefits the writer in thinking about the audience and prevents the readers from getting lost. They briefly explain what reader base prosed is, reader base prose is for the reader. The writer writes for the reader instead of him or herself, so then the reader understands the point the writer is trying to get across.
Q: Do you think Writer-Base prose is good for a person in particular? Why or why not?
A: I think it’s both good and bad. Good because the writer expresses what it is that’s going on in their head. Writer-base prose reflects the purpose of what the writer is writing about. Everything the writer explains all makes sense in their head, every single detail. Also, another reason why I think it’s good is that it helps the writer with creativity. The writer can talk about anything they choose to, they can add exquisite details and just go on about the story and in their head it will all make sense. That’s where the down fall of writer-base prose comes in. The writer writes about whatever they want but it only makes sense to them. The reader has no idea what he or she has just read and if they do it’s still a little confusing to them. The writer is only using terminology that makes perfect sense to them. If the writer were to re-read the statement they have just written it would still make complete sense. Therefore to prevent this from happening the writer should allow other peers to read the statement and revise the passage to make it more understandable.

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Alyssa Vasquez

Ashley Favata

Kristen Garcia

ENG 1301.28

Instructor: Trang Phan

10/2/10

Writer-Based Prose: A cognitive Basis for Problems in Writing

Linda Flower. “Writer-Based Prose: A Cognitive Basis for Problems in Writing”. College

English, Vol. 41, No. 1. (1979), pp. 19-37

Summary:

Flower’s article states that ineffective writers often produce “writer-based prose.” Writer-based prose is used as a thinking process but of what we like to express because we are writing based on our experiences. When writing based on our own thoughts and feelings that we consider, this is called egocentric because we only consider on what we think and feel about on certain things, and never consider the readers perspective, just as long as we understand what we are trying to say but have no consideration if the reader is going to understand it. “The style of Writher-Based prose also has its own logic. Its two main stylistic features grow out of the private nature of interior monologue, that is, of writing which is primarily a record or expression of the writer’s flow of thought” (27). We need to take the readers-based prose into consideration because we are not just writing for us but for readers to read, even though writer-based prose comes naturally to us because we recognize its ties to our episodic memories. “In the best of all possible worlds, good writers strive for Reader-Based prose from the very beginning: they retrieve and organize information within the framework of a reader/writer contract” (14).

Question: What is Writer-Based Prose? How does it affect our writing?

Response:

Linda Flower suggests that effective writers need to do more than just relay their own interpretation or expression of some concept. Ineffective writers, those who produce “writer-based prose” are those writers who do not consider the reader. This article leads me to believe that as students we’ve been taught to write the five paragraph essay but we were rarely taught to write for a reader, but instead on a topic that we intend to write based on our own experiences. This is creates and egocentric because we only write what we understand and communicate with our selves but not with the reader. As a student, I write while exploring ideas in my mind to create a well written essay, but mostly I never have the reader in mind, so I just go with the flow of creating an essay that is understandable and hopefully good enough to catch the reader’s attention. Since writer-based prose is a natural thing to all writers, we need to learn to work with our ideas before writing to help write a reader-based prose. As we develop the skills to write a reader-based prose, it would help us communicate our ideas better to the reader, enough to prove our point in the writing.

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Estevan Trejo and Leonardo Avila
Eng 1301.28
Trang Phan
9-27-2010
Linda Flower. “Writer-Based Prose: A Cognitive Basis for Problems in Writing.” College English, Vol. 41, No. 1 (1979): pp.19-37.
Summary 5 – Writer-Based Prose: A Cognitive Basis for Problems in Writing
Linda Flower asks in her article, “Writer-Based Prose: A Cognitive Basis for Problems in Writing”, “If writing is simply the act of ‘expressing what you think’… why is writing often such a difficult thing to do? (Pg. 19)” She begins to answer the question by describing two distinct types of writing: Writer-Based prose and Reader-Based prose. The former entails an effective writer not simply expressing what they think on the subject, but transforming their thoughts into coherent, intelligible sentences for the reader to easily grasp and manage (Pg. 19). The latter involves what is likely to be an ineffective writer merely “expressing themselves by offering up an untouched and under processed version of their own thought” (Pg. 19). Though Writer-Based prose is both a natural style of writing and thought, it is usually not enough to communicate the author’s purpose and intentions to the reader. And “although Writer-Based prose often fails for readers and tends to preclude further concept formation, it may be a useful road into the creative process for some writers. The structures which fail to work for readers may be powerful strategies for retrieving information from memory (either semantic or short-term) and for exploring one’s own knowledge network” (Pg. 28).

Question: What do you think of Writer-Based prose and it being utilized for essays?
Response:
If you have ever critiqued a confident writer’s essay only to find that their paper makes little sense to you, the reader, the culprit may very well be Writer-Based prose. “As both a style of writing and as a style of thought, writer-based prose is natural and adequate for a writer writing to himself or herself” (Pg. 19). On the other hand, when preparing something to be read by others, it becomes imperative to produce something a bit more substantial and refined. With Writer-Based prose, we often unfortunately fail to clearly reveal our purpose, concepts, or perspective to the reader. If a reader is unable to derive these important components from the essay utilizing their rhetorical reading strategies, the author has failed to create a shared language and shared context between writer and reader (Pg. 20). This is the essence of Writer-Based prose. When the reader is unable to easily grasp your stance on the topic, the writing is likely yet to be transformed into the preferred Reader-Based prose (Pg. 19). In closing, I believe that essays should be written with the reader in mind, and thus, Writer-Based prose should be avoided while writing essays.

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Brie Fenton, Yesenia Ontiveros
English 1301.28
Trang Phang
Sept. 29, 2010


Writer-¬based Prose: a Cognitive Basis for Problems in writing
Flower, Linda. “Writer-¬based Prose: A Cognitive Basis for Problems in Writing” College English Sept. 1979: pgs. 19-37
Summary:
Writer based prose is okay to do when a writer is writing to their self. When you add in other readers, it causes trouble. There are usually problems transferring your own thoughts into something others would understand. The reader based prose is when you are writing to communicate with the reader. You use terms and express ideas in a way readers will understand. During writer based, they dont keep in mind that the readers may not understand the point they are trying to get across.

"Reader based prose reflects the purpose of the writers thought; writer based prose tends to reflect its process." (20) Writer based prose shows writers how they dissect information and get it accross. It reflects their thinking process. First drafts are much like writer based proses. Once you get to the second draft, it makes much more sense and conforms to a writer based prose. "The structures which fail to work for readers may be powerful strategies for retrieving information from memory and for exploring one’s own knowledge network." (28)
Question:
What are the advantages and disadvantages of writer based prose?
Response:
The advantages of writer based prose, it to shows the writer how to come across the ideas and how the writing in transfer to paper. This process teaches them more about themselves and the way they write. The disadvantages are the reader may at times not know what the author is writing about, or get his thought across. This not bad because the reader may not get the full picture of what the author was trying to interpret.

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Hiram Lopez
ENG 1301.28
Trang Phan
9/29/10
Writer-Based Prose: A Cognitive Basis for Problems in Writing
Summary:
Linda Flower. “Writer-Based Prose: A Cognitive Basis for Problems in Writing”. College English, Vol. 41, No. 1. (1979), pp. 19-37
In this article, when a writer is composing using writer based pros, he or she loses the reader by not keeping them in mind because they are writing their ideas in a way that is only understandable to them. A problem that can occur with writer based pros can be underdeveloped ideas, which can lead to poor discussions. A study about egocentric nature of a person was performed, which showed that children told stories but only talked about them because they did not have the cognitive capacity to assume the listeners point of view. In teaching writers to recognize their own writers based writing and transform it because it can give inexperienced writers, the confidence and motivation to go on. The style of writer based prose can come from internal thoughts and the use of code words, and by using semantic, episodic, and short term memory can help get ideas across to the reader to help them understand what you are trying to get across.
Question:
Can using writer based prose make you a better writer?
Response:
Writer based prose was when a writer focused on certain subject and made their writing comprehendible only to themselves and not to the people that read their work. Writer-based prose shouldn’t be scrapped, because teaching a writer to recognize their own writer-based prose can help them to transform their writing by giving the writer strong positive value and achievement for the writer even though he or she failed to communicate to the reader. This can give inexperienced writers the confidence and the motivation to go on. By recognizing this as a special skill and task, we can give writers self-conscious control over the abilities they already have. Because, writer-based prose is like a half-way place for many writers, it is like their a rough draft that can be transformed from the groundwork laid in the first stage of a process and begin to write in reader-based prose and making us better writers.

Rene Reyes
Edward Aranda
English 1301.28
Trang Phan
9/28/2010

Summary
Writer-Based Prose: A Cognitive Basis for Problems in Writing

Linda Flower."Writer-Based Prose: A Cognitive Basis for Problems in Writing". College Englis, Vol. 41, No. 1(Sep. 1979), pp. 19-37.

Effective writing is not just only to write down your thoughts and expression. Effective writing is to communicate with the audience. To transform the expressed thought into a descriable complex way.

Writer-Based prose is defined as an expressive style of writing understood only to the writer. The function of this prose is to write to yourself and for yourself. Structured as the writer's narritive path of his own confrontation with his subject. It usaually represents the egocentric or inner speech.

Reader-Based prose is defined as an attempt to communicate with the reader. This porse is understood to both reader and writer by sharing the language and context. Also, it has a rhetorical structure which means it has an intended audience, purpose, and serves as a conversation between reader and writer.

Episodic memory is the memory that recalls past events. Like when you remember something you watch on History Channel that relates to one of the lessons. Semantic memory is the memory that remembers the meaning of symbols. For example, H2O is water or the Quadratic formula.

Short-term memory is all the information you can hold at one time. "Trying to evaluate, elaborate, and relate all that we know on a given topic can easily overload the capacity of our working memory."(pg.36) Using Writer-Based prose helps you eliminate these problems temporarily, and then transform the prose to Reader-Based. This strategy helps teachers teach writing better.

Question
Describe the Writer-Based and Reader-Based prose. Why is transformation an effective writing strategy?

Response

When writes write in Writer-Based prose the text is only clear to the writer. This is because the writer is putting his thouhgts (inner speech/egocentric speech) straight from his mind into text. " The symptoms can range from a mere missing referent or an underdeveloped idea to an unfocused and apparently pointless discussion." (pg.19)

Reader-Based prose has communication between the writer and reader. "To do that it creates a shared language and shared context between writer and reader." (pg.20) The reader has a explicit understanding of the writer's meaning. It has an intended audience and purpose; Reader-Based prose has a rhetorical type of structure.

Transformation of a Writer-Based to Reader-Based prose helps writer effectively. This is because in a Writer-Based prose the writer can list all his thoughts and information without having to think about the reader. Once the writer had something he can understand, then the writer can concentrate on changing (transformation) this porse into something that the reader needs and can use.

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Linda Flower Writer-Based Prose: A Cognitive for Problems in Writing Summary College English Vol 41 No 1 (Sep 1979) pp 19-37

Summary: In this article it goes on discussing and comparing Writer Based-Prose and Reader Based-Prose and how it may affect both the reader and the writer. In writer based prose the writer writes what comes to his or her own mind and what makes sense to them may not make sense to the reader. This being said the writer may have a greater sense of what he/she may have in set towards their writing but the reader may not understand where the writer is trying to get the point being said in the writing cause what might be clear to read in the mind of the writer may not be clear to the reader who is reading the text. In reader based prose it reflects the purpose of what the writer thoughts so it may cause problems to the reader because they can’t really understand nor comprehend what the writer is trying to explain through the text. It’s up to the writer to make thought into a structure and a style to where the reader could understand.

Question: What are ways to get used to writing in a reader-based-prose and is writing-based-prose good for anything?

Response: It’s very difficult to get rid of the egocentric writing most of us inexperienced writer use. It takes a lot of practice, and a lot of focus. In order to write good you need to identify the reader and his/her tolerance to writing. Then when you begin writing always keep the reader in mind and find ways to share more detail in order for the reader to relate it to what he/she’s experienced before. Also big words can sometimes throw off readers, but sometimes curveballs can be very exciting to some readers and it can make it interesting. Writing-based-prose is also good for the pre-writing. It’s not good to use it regularly but when you do use it, use it as a roughdraft or a brainstorm to get your topics straight and to find mistakes and useful information.